LIOB, or Laser-Induced Optical Breakdown, occurs when a picosecond laser delivers an extremely fast, high-energy pulse that focuses into a tiny point beneath the skin. This creates a microscopic plasma bubble that gently disrupts pigment or tissue without burning the surface. Because it’s a non-thermal, highly precise effect, LIOB allows for effective collagen remodeling and pigmentation treatment with minimal downtime and high safety for all skin types.